Pregnancy by weeks: how does pregnancy and fetal development proceed?

Pregnancy by weeks: how does pregnancy and fetal development proceed?
Photo source: Getty images

If you're pregnant or planning a pregnancy, you're probably wondering what's going to happen to you and your baby over the next few weeks.

Get to know pregnancy week by week. Find out what is happening to you as a mother-to-be and to the fetus.

Read along with us to find out interesting information:
How the baby develops in your tummy during each week.
What size it is and what it can do.
How your body changes, what it goes through, what symptoms you can expect.
Basic information with the option to move to the article depending on which month and week of pregnancy you are in.

Over the next 280 days or so, an amazing series will be unfolding inside you.
The final episode will be the birth of your baby.

The trimesters of pregnancy:

  1. First trimester (1st trimester) = from the 1st to the 13th week of pregnancy
  2. Second trimester (2nd trimester) = 14 to 27 weeks of pregnancy
  3. Third trimester (3rd trimester) = from the 28th week of pregnancy until delivery

Pregnancy calculator and due date calculator:

1. First Month: From Conception to Week 4 of Pregnancy

Conception could be divided into three phases:

If all phases are successful, the pregnancy can continue successfully.

Although it is not yet visible on you, you are starting to feel the first physical symptoms such as:

At the end of the 4th week of pregnancy, your baby is just two weeks old, counting from conception.

It's called an embryo.
It's tiny and a bit like a tadpole. It's smaller than a grain of rice.
But just a week ago, it was just a shapeless clump of cells.

Now it has developed a head with a mouth opening, a primitive heart that has begun to beat, and a simple brain.
Soon the embryos of upper and lower limbs will appear.

We also provide more detailed information about the signs of pregnancy by week in individual articles.
You ask: What month and week of pregnancy am I?
We offer comprehensive answers in the following weeks.

A look inside

Week 1 of pregnancy: When and how does pregnancy start?

Week 2 of pregnancy: When does ovulation occur?

Week 3 of pregnancy: How is new life created?

Week 4: Skipping my period. Am I pregnant?

Month 2: Approximately 5 to 8 weeks of pregnancy

Maybe you had your pregnancy planned from the beginning and you already knew you were having a baby.
Maybe you got pregnant all at once and didn't realize you were pregnant until the second month.

Yet you have already got used to the fact that a new life is developing in your body.

You must be experiencing some pregnancy difficulties:

  • psychological
  • quite mundane (the shortest way to the toilet is...)
  • dietary

Even though you don't look pregnant yet, your clothes are a bit tight around your waist and you need a bigger bra.

Your uterus is going to get bigger later this month.
It used to be the size of a fist and now it will grow to the size of a large grapefruit.

The embryo is now about 2.5 cm long, but it is now human-shaped.
The tail has disappeared and the hands and feet (with all the toes), eyes (with the eyelids closed), the base of the nose and the tongue have formed.

All the major organs and systems have been formed. Their form is still simple, they have yet to evolve.

The embryo makes spontaneous movements.
However, it will be a long time before you feel them.

A vital organ for your baby is developing very quickly - the placenta, which will provide nutrition for the fetus.

A look inside

Week 5 of pregnancy: is the baby's heart beating yet?

Week 6: Are you starting to get morning sickness?

Week 7: How is the embryo developing this week?

Week 8: Is the embryo starting to resemble a baby?

Week 3: Approximately 9 to 13 weeks of pregnancy

This is the last month of the first trimester.

The signs of early pregnancy can still be very strong.

However, you have better times ahead.
There is probably already light at the end of the tunnel of your morning sickness.

You may hear the amazing sound of your baby's heartbeat at your doctor's appointment. That's worth all the uncomfortable symptoms.

This month, your uterus is bigger than a grapefruit and your waistline may start to enlarge.
At the end of the month, the uterus can be palpated just above the pubic bone in your lower abdomen.

Your baby is now a fetus. It is growing rapidly. At the end of the month, it is about 6 to 7.5 cm long and weighs about 15 grams, which is about the size of an apple.

The fetal head no longer sits on the shoulders, but on the neck.
It is still disproportionately large - from the nape of the neck to the coccyx it takes up almost half the baby's length.

The base of the hair spiral is recognisable on the scalp.

The eyes are less spaced apart and the ears move to the sides of the head.
This gives the fetus a more human appearance.

The fingers and toes have soft nails.
The hands are becoming more functional.

The fetal mouth develops taste buds and a sucking reflex. The germs of milk teeth are forming.

The baby is already forming urine and excreting into the amniotic fluid.

The external sex organs are already developed enough to determine the sex of the baby.

Fetal heart sounds can be heard with a Doppler machine.

A look inside

Week 9 of pregnancy: what organs are already functioning in the embryo?

Week 10 of pregnancy: is your baby already becoming a fetus?

Week 11 of pregnancy: Is it possible to distinguish the sex of the baby yet?

Week 12 of pregnancy: Does the fetus already have the actual shape of a baby?

13th week of pregnancy: How to eat healthy?

4. Fourth month: Approximately 14th to 17th week of pregnancy

The beginning of the second trimester is the most pleasant time of pregnancy for many pregnant women.
Most of the most annoying symptoms of early pregnancy disappear completely.

Stomach problems will ease and you will have more energy.

By the end of this month, your bulging tummy will no longer resemble the aftermath of a big lunch, but a real pregnant belly.

The uterus is now about the size of a small melon.
At the end of the month, it can be palpated about 3.5 cm below the belly button.

You probably won't fit into your normal clothes anymore.

Your baby is growing and gaining weight.
She is about 12 cm and 150 g.

As the body is now growing faster than the head, it is starting to take on a more 'human' appearance.

The body has become covered with transitional hair - lanugo.

The baby can suck its thumb, swallows amniotic fluid and excretes it as urine, and practices breathing movements.

The baby's bones are strong, it moves its arms and legs.
Soon you'll feel these movements too.

The placenta is already fully functional and serves as a source of food and oxygen.

A look inside

Week 14 of pregnancy: How does the second trimester begin?

Week 15: Can you predict the sex with certainty?

Week 16: What will an ultrasound show?

Week 17: Can you feel the first movements yet?

5. Fifth month: Approximately 18th to 22nd week of pregnancy

At the end of this month or the beginning of the next, you will feel your baby's movements for the first time.

It's really nice to feel that someone is in there.
Your pregnancy is becoming more real to you.

You are halfway through your pregnancy.
Sometime around week 20, your uterus reaches the level of your belly button.

At this stage, it's already outwardly clear that you're pregnant.
Naturally, also because of the size of the fetus.

By the end of the month, your fetus will be about 18 to 23 cm long. It will be half its birth length.
It will weigh almost 500 g.

Its muscles are getting stronger, its nervous system is maturing and its skeleton is getting stronger.
The fetus is becoming more active, has more coordinated movements and is capable of more gymnastic feats.
These movements are finally strong enough for you to feel them too.

The ears are now developed enough to detect sound.

The baby has regular intervals of wakefulness and sleep.

He can make grimaces.

Hair on the head and eyebrows are visible.

The skin is pink, wrinkled, transparent, and covered with a whitish substance (vernix).
It is a lubricant that protects the skin from amniotic fluid.

The male child's testicles begin to descend from the abdominal cavity into the scrotum.

A look inside

Week 18 of pregnancy: fetal movements or lower abdominal pain?

Week 19 of pregnancy: Why can't I feel the movements yet?

Week 20 of pregnancy: What tests are you expecting this week?

Week 21: What is the baby doing in your tummy?

Week 22: Has the fetus developed all its organs?

Week 6: Approximately 23 to 27 weeks of pregnancy

The little hands and feet are now starting to fenc properly.
Once these jerky gymnastics are visible from the outside, they start to become very entertaining performances.

At the beginning of this month, the top edge of the uterus is about 3 cm above the belly button.
By the end of the month, the uterus has grown about 2.5 cm and can be palpated about 6.5 cm above the belly button.
It is now as big as a basketball.
You can already see what's in your tummy.

Your baby is over 30 cm long and weighs almost 1000 g.

The fetus is still active.
Its movements are more coordinated.
It is riding a bicycle with its feet and bumping against the uterine wall to practice walking.

The baby has developed a firm grip, which he uses to grasp the umbilical cord.
Fortunately, the umbilical cord, the baby's lifeline, is able to withstand all his activities.

The baby can open and close his eyes and responds to light.

Even its vocal cords are functional, although it won't make its first sound until birth.

There is a hiccup that shakes the whole uterus.

A baby born during this period can survive with intensive care.

A look inside

23rd week of pregnancy: Is there rapid fetal growth?

24th week of pregnancy : Fetal eye opening and blinking?

Week 25: Is the fetus' sense of smell working? Can it smell?

26th week of pregnancy: Are fetal reflexes beginning to develop?

Week 27: Does the fetus have a sleep rhythm?

7. Seventh month: Approximately 28 to 31 weeks of pregnancy

Welcome to the last three months of pregnancy! And the third trimester is here.

The beginning of the last three months means you are getting closer to giving birth.
It's time to prepare for the baby's arrival.
If you haven't started taking a pregnancy class yet, it's time.

At the beginning of this month, the uterus is about 28 cm above the breech.
The baby has grown another 2.5 cm and you can feel it about 11 cm above the navel.

You will feel that the uterus has completely filled the abdomen, that there is nowhere to grow.

Your baby is growing fast and has more and more fat under the skin.
At the end of this month he will weigh about 1500 g and measure about 41 cm.

The lanugo (fine hair on the skin) is starting to disappear. It is only on the back and shoulders.
The hair on the head is starting to grow, eyebrows and eyelashes are forming.
The skin is pink and smooth. You can already see nails on the fingertips.

The brain grows very rapidly in this and the following months.
Its rapid growth will continue during the first two years of life.

The lungs are beginning to function but are still not fully developed.

A baby born in this month of pregnancy already has a very good chance of survival.

A look inside

28th week of pregnancy.

Week 29: What's ahead? First smile in the tummy

30th week of pregnancy: Getting a little bigger every day?

31st week of pregnancy: Can the fetus communicate?

8. Eighth month: Approximately 32nd to 35th week of pregnancy

Enjoy every beautiful moment of the penultimate month of pregnancy.

You may be more tired of carrying a belly that is almost as big as a watermelon.
And of course - with a watermelon around your belly, you need to sleep too.

Interesting fact:
The distance in centimeters measured from the top of the pubic symphysis to the top of the uterus corresponds approximately to the number of weeks of pregnancy.

This means that at 34 weeks, the upper edge of the uterus is 34 cm from the pubic symphysis.

The fetus is 46 to 51 cm long and weighs 2250 to 2700 grams.
It looks plumper and less wrinkled. The subcutaneous fat rounds it out.

There is less room for gymnastics in the uterus.
The baby kicks less and turns more.

Like a newborn, it has phases of active sleep, deep sleep and wakefulness.

Brain growth is very dynamic.
The lungs are almost mature.

A baby born in this period already has a good chance of survival.

A look inside

32nd week of pregnancy: does the fetus know day from night?

Week 33: The space in the uterus continues to shrink

34th week of pregnancy.

35th week of pregnancy: Birth is approaching...

9th month: Approximately 36th to 40th week of pregnancy

Finally!
Soon you will be able to hug your baby, see under your feet and sleep on your stomach.

Despite a number of activities (more frequent doctor's appointments, getting your kit ready), this month may seem the longest of all.

Your uterus is now below your ribs and your measurements are not changing much.
The top of your uterus is about 38 to 40 cm from your pubic symphysis.
Weight gains are getting smaller until they eventually stop altogether.

The skin on your abdomen is stretched so much you don't believe it's possible.

The baby is getting ready to "move".
By the middle of this month, she will be carried and ready to be born.

During this month it will gain about 5-6 cm in length and about 1125 g in weight.
The thickness of the fat layer will increase by 15%.

Most babies will fall into a head-down position.
At about 38 weeks, the baby drops into the mother's bony pelvis, which is the launching pad for the birth.

In the last month, the umbilical cord has lengthened to over 60 cm and the placenta weighs 500-750 g.

A look inside

36 weeks pregnant and just one step closer to the baby's maturity

37th week of pregnancy.

38th week of pregnancy: Have you thought about breastfeeding?

39th week of pregnancy.

40th week of pregnancy: Is it time to give birth? + 41st and 42nd week of pregnancy

Want to know how to count the weeks of pregnancy?

Read: How long does pregnancy last? How many days, weeks and months?

Are you interested in the symptoms of pregnancy?

Read: The first signs of pregnancy. How to recognize them?

And interesting information is offered by the following articles:
Childbirth. When does it start? And the more important question: When does it end?
Who is a doula? And what is her job?

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Interesting resources

  • Nine Months of Questions and Answers (Heidi Murkoff, Arlene Eisenberg and Sandee Hethaway)
  • Obstetrics (Zdeněk Hájek, Evžen Čech, Karel Maršál et al.)
  • Human Embryology (Karol Kepeller, Víra Pospíšilová)
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