How is aortic dissection treated? Conservatively and surgically

Author:
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Healthcare worker

The appropriate treatment strategy is chosen based on the correct diagnosis.

As noted, treatment varies depending on the classification of the dissection. 

Type A dissection requires cardiac surgery in most cases. The procedure is performed using extracorporeal circulation. 

In this type, the aortic valve is also damaged, so in addition to the replacement and endoprosthesis of the damaged aorta, plastic surgery or replacement of the valve is also performed.

Type B dissection is characterized by an initial conservative approach . The goal is to lower blood pressure and keep it normal. In the case of a more complicated course, surgery is also indicated.

Operational operations can be performed by several methods . The selection is based on the diagnosis and the extent of aortic damage. 

Combination of surgical and endovascular approach = hybrid operation . As a suitable way to solve some dissections and aneurysms - aortic stentografting .

Invasive vascular therapy - EVAR E indole The ascular A Ortica R epair, but also T EVAR + T horacic. It means repairing the aorta by access through a vessel. 

A catheter is inserted through a small puncture into the artery in the groin and inserted into the affected area. The stent covers the damaged part of the artery.

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Before the victim gets to the hospital:

  • room mode = absolutely motionless
    • before the arrival of technical assistance
    • call 155
  • reduction in blood pressure
  • oxygen supply by mask
  • adjustment of tachycardia - increased heart rate
  • pressure and pulse control
  • diagnostics - ECHO TTE, CT, or MRI
  • directing the patient to a specialized hospital

A change in lifestyle is added to the non-pharmacological and conservative approach . This is to eliminate negative factors that can be influenced.

Such as maintaining normal blood pressure , maintaining a suitable body weight and reducing the intake of salt or fat in the diet, plus enough fiber , vitamins and minerals and quitting smoking .

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Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Healthcare worker
The secondary medical school in Nitra gave me the basis for my career in the field of health and diseases. Thanks to it, I worked for 2 years in the traumatology clinic and outpatient clinic at the Nitra Hospital. Since 2006 I was employed in the emergency medical service, where I stayed until 2017. I completed my bachelor's degree at the University of Constantine the Philosopher in Nitra in the field of emergency health care. The bachelor's degree allowed me to continue my mission as a paramedic. In the meantime, I got a job at the emergency line 155. I have been working in pre-hospital health care until today. I had an interest in people, health and even diseases in my childhood, which gave me the prerequisite to pursue this topic in adulthood. Studying and acquiring new information in practice provided me with a great basis for writing professional texts, in the form of articles that can be understood by ordinary people. Thus, my interest in the Health Portal has a solid foundation in years of practice and personal interest. Similarly, I am also interested in healthy eating, nutrition and overall healthy lifestyle. I fill my free time with family and sports.
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