What is my blood pressure: low, normal, or high? Systole/diastolic?

What is my blood pressure - low, normal, or high? Systole/diastolic?

Blood pressure is one of the most monitored vital signs. We can monitor it in the home environment.

It is important for maintaining blood circulation in the blood vessels. It is determined by the function of the heart and the resistance of the blood vessel wall.

It is divided into two values: systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Several factors influence its values.

For example, blood pressure is influenced by:

• the volume of blood in the bloodstream
• the elasticity of the blood vessels
• blood viscosity (density)
• age
• body weight
• physical and mental (emotional) stress
• gender
• time of day
• injury
• diseases
• medication
• external environment

We can measure:

• Low blood pressure = 80/50
• Normal blood pressure = 120/80
• High blood pressure = 150/90

Both deviations from normal have their negatives. It is therefore advisable to know your blood pressure.

Some women tend to have lower values throughout their lives. They feel dizzy and faint during normal activities.

Values below 90/60 mmHg are considered to be low blood pressure. Girls and young women may be predisposed to hypotension. These blood pressure values may not be immediately associated with clinical manifestations/problems.

It is better if the blood pressure is below 120/80, approximately 110/75. This is called the optimal blood pressure. Such a value helps to prevent cardiovascular disease.

High blood pressure is one of the diseases of civilization. It is often not diagnosed in time. It is therefore dangerous. It often first manifests itself as a health problem that threatens health and life.

For this reason, measuring blood pressure is of great importance, for example during a preventive check-up.

Blood pressure is measured three times - the 1st value is not recorded, the 2nd and 3rd values are averaged.
High blood pressure values measured at home and on a Holter machine fall under the stricter criteria of hypertension.

The table shows a simplified view of blood pressure in adulthood (low, normal and high).

For different age categories, the values vary, of course.

The expert guarantor Zuzana Kožlejová, MD, PhD, adds information:
In children, the percentile, the rise in systolic and diastolic pressure above the 95th percentile of the value for a given age, sex and height when measured under standard conditions (child's position, correct cuff width and length, rest) during at least three different measurements, is also taken into account for the definition of arterial hypertension.

Normal blood pressure values according to the age of the child:

• newborn: 70-90 systole and 45-55 diastole
• infant: 70-90 systole and 50-60 diastole
• 5-year-old child: 80-110 systole and 55-65 diastole

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