What is the treatment for heart muscle infarction? Medical emergency, medications and intervention

Author:
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Healthcare worker

Treatment is based on the diagnosis and distinction between STEMI and NSTEMI or NA . When blood circulation is stopped, immediate resuscitation , ie CPR, is also popularly revived. If a person notices warning signs of themselves or a loved one that may indicate AKS, call 155.

Assistance without aids includes:

  1. call 155 and work with the emergency medical service operator
  2. reassuring a person
  3. no burden (physical or mental), reduces the heart's demand for oxygen
  4. suitable position, preferably in a semi-sitting position
  5. in case of impaired consciousness, stabilized position, if breathing is present
  6. loosening tight clothes, ties, shirts
  7. ventilation and fresh air supply
  8. nitroglycerin at a blood pressure higher than 100 if the patient has it prescribed
  9. monitoring the condition of a person until the arrival of the emergency medical service

In pre-hospital treatment it is important:

  • monitor vital signs
  • oxygen administration if hypoxia is present
  • providing access to a peripheral vein
  • ECG
  • determination of cardio markers
  • analgesic sedation if necessary
  • nitrates
    • nitrates should not be used if a person has taken sildenafil - Viagra and similar products for 48 hours
    • if your blood pressure is below 100
  • ASA, or acetylsalicylic acid
  • Ticagrelol or prasugrel, or clopidogrel
  • Heparin or other low molecular weight heparin
  • do not give them anything
  • if there is no PKI reach then fibrinolysis and subsequent hospital admission, later coronary angiography
  • routing to PKI

With STEMI, everyone should be directed to a PKI center as soon as possible. PKI, which is an abbreviation for percutaneous coronary intervention, is performed there. A catheter is inserted through the skin into a larger vessel. It is then introduced into the coronary artery. After determining the place where the vessel is clogged, ballooning is performed, ie dilation of the artery and insertion of STENT.

For NSTEMI, the treatment strategy differs. It depends on the diagnostic conclusion. If NSTEMI is confirmed, subsequent coronary angiography is appropriate. Other treatments also depend on the associated complications. If atherosclerosis is large and cannot be managed in a PKI center, cardiac surgery and cardiac BY-PASS are required.

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Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Healthcare worker
The secondary medical school in Nitra gave me the basis for my career in the field of health and diseases. Thanks to it, I worked for 2 years in the traumatology clinic and outpatient clinic at the Nitra Hospital. Since 2006 I was employed in the emergency medical service, where I stayed until 2017. I completed my bachelor's degree at the University of Constantine the Philosopher in Nitra in the field of emergency health care. The bachelor's degree allowed me to continue my mission as a paramedic. In the meantime, I got a job at the emergency line 155. I have been working in pre-hospital health care until today. I had an interest in people, health and even diseases in my childhood, which gave me the prerequisite to pursue this topic in adulthood. Studying and acquiring new information in practice provided me with a great basis for writing professional texts, in the form of articles that can be understood by ordinary people. Thus, my interest in the Health Portal has a solid foundation in years of practice and personal interest. Similarly, I am also interested in healthy eating, nutrition and overall healthy lifestyle. I fill my free time with family and sports.
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