Prostate enlargement treatment: monitoring, medications and surgery

In BHP, benign prostate enlargement, treatment is primarily based on regular outpatient follow-up. Therapy consists of lifestyle modification and certain regimen measures.

The lifestyle is based on adequate fluid intake and limiting alcohol and caffeine intake. It also includes specific training of the bladder and pelvic floor muscles to increase the bladder capacity itself.

In most cases, pharmacological treatment is indicated, which consists in taking 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. The aim is to inhibit the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, which stimulates the growth of prostate tissue.

Taking alpha blockers causes a release of pressure and muscle tension in the urinary tract. Thus, they eliminate unpleasant difficulties with urination.

Surgical treatment is chosen in case of failure of pharmacological and conservative treatment.

Surgical treatment for benign prostate enlargement is indicated in case of symptoms that significantly impair the patient's quality of life. These are primarily severe urinary incontinence and problems with urinary excretion.

Surgical intervention is chosen for recurrent multiple urinary tract infections, chronic urinary retention, cystolithiasis and other associated diseases of the urinary system.

As part of surgical treatment, it is now possible to perform less invasive procedures that avoid prostatectomy - the surgical removal of the prostate gland.

An option is transurethral recession or prostate incision, which is used to reshape the prostate tissue and eliminate urinary excretion problems through urethral stricture. This is a non-invasive procedure performed through the patient's urethra.

Laparoscopic surgery is a modern surgical procedure through the patient's skin incisions, whereby excessive prostate tissue is reshaped and removed.

Operative laser therapy is also an option, which removes overgrown prostate tissue while eliminating post-operative complications.

The exact type of surgery always depends on the surgeon due to the age and medical history of the patient, the extent of prostate enlargement, medical complications with urinary excretion.