Treatment of cerebrovascular diseases: drugs and surgical procedures

Author:
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Healthcare worker

CVD treatment involves several measures: lifestyle changes which also have a preventive character; pharmacological treatment is important; surgery only if necessary.

The exact method of treatment depends on the symptoms present and the cause.

The following medications are used:

  • antiplatelet therapy - ASA - acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel, tikagrelor, prasugrel
  • heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, or LMWH
  • intravenous thrombolysis - injectable medicines to dissolve the blood clot
  • antihypertensives - to treat hypertension
  • in case of diabetes: usual treatment for diabetes

Endovascular procedures and surgical procedures will be considered by a specialist according to the cause.

These are, for example:

  • mechanical thrombectomy and embolectomy in ischemic stroke - removing a blood clot or embolus using a cup or spiral catheter
  • thrombolysis - administering the clot dissolving agent directly to the vascular occlusion site via a catheter
  • angioplasty - enlargement of the lumen of a blocked vessel with a balloon
  • stenting narrowing of the cerebral arteries and similar
  • embolisation aneurysm bleeding
  • clipping and coiling of aneurysms
  • other

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle has a preventive character, which applies to both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

It is important to remember that the basis of prevention is a change in lifestyle:

  • quit smoking
  • limit alcohol intake
  • reduce dietary salt intake
  • reduce the intake of unhealthy fats in the diet
  • rational and healthy nutrition + essential nutrients in the diet
    • plenty of protein and suitable sugars
    • healthy fats
    • fruits and vegetables + vitamins
    • dairy products
    • fish and lean meat
  • weight loss in overweight and obesity - BMI value
  • plenty of fluids
  • daily physical activity and sedentary lifestyle restrictions
  • blood pressure monitoring
  • regular treatment and adherence as prescribed by a doctor
  • sugar level monitoring in case of diabetes
  • reduction of stress and excessive mental load
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Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Bc. Lukáš Tóth
Healthcare worker
The secondary medical school in Nitra gave me the basis for my career in the field of health and diseases. Thanks to it, I worked for 2 years in the traumatology clinic and outpatient clinic at the Nitra Hospital. Since 2006 I was employed in the emergency medical service, where I stayed until 2017. I completed my bachelor's degree at the University of Constantine the Philosopher in Nitra in the field of emergency health care. The bachelor's degree allowed me to continue my mission as a paramedic. In the meantime, I got a job at the emergency line 155. I have been working in pre-hospital health care until today. I had an interest in people, health and even diseases in my childhood, which gave me the prerequisite to pursue this topic in adulthood. Studying and acquiring new information in practice provided me with a great basis for writing professional texts, in the form of articles that can be understood by ordinary people. Thus, my interest in the Health Portal has a solid foundation in years of practice and personal interest. Similarly, I am also interested in healthy eating, nutrition and overall healthy lifestyle. I fill my free time with family and sports.
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